7 speed reading 2014 download2/28/2023 Thus, the trigram task can be used to measure the susceptibility to crowding. In the case of reporting the middle letter, this involves the identification of a letter that is surrounded by distractor letters. As a matter of fact, the visual span is typically operationalized using a flanked-letter identification task in which subjects are asked to report the letters of a letter trigram presented at different eccentricities around the central fixation position (Bouma, 1973 Legge et al., 2001). Crowding describes the phenomenon in which objects (e.g., letters) are less accurately identified when surrounded by other objects (see Levi, 2008, for a review). ( 2007) argued that crowding and not visual acuity is responsible for the drop-off in reading rate beyond central (foveal) vision. In summary, the present results indicate a more complex relationship between the visual span, parafoveal processing, and reading speed than initially assumed.Īlthough Legge, Mansfield, and Chung ( 2001) took into account the possibility that a combination of visual acuity limitations and letter masking (e.g., crowding) may set the boundaries of the visual span in peripheral vision and thus the limits on reading speed (see also Bouma, 1970), Pelli et al. Nevertheless, preview benefit correlated with reading speed, suggesting an independent effect on oculomotor control during reading. There was no evidence that individual differences in VSPs predicted differences in parafoveal preview benefit. However, this relationship was not determined by parafoveal processing. The results confirmed a positive relationship between the readers' VSPs and fixation-based reading speed. In order to test this hypothesis, visual span profiles (VSPs) were collected from 60 participants and related to data from an eye-tracking reading experiment. If so, a larger visual span may allow more efficient parafoveal processing and thus faster reading. The present study investigated whether this is also true for fixation durations during sentence reading when all words are presented at the same time and parafoveal preview of words prior to fixation typically reduces later word-recognition times. Abstract The visual span (or “uncrowded window”), which limits the sensory information on each fixation, has been shown to determine reading speed in tasks involving rapid serial visual presentation of single words.
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